Brasilia sits on the Brazilian Highlands and has a tropical savannah (cerrado) climate. It experiences a wet season from October to April, when heavy thunderstorms are common and average temperatures hover around 21°C (69°F). The dry season runs from May to September with clear skies and afternoon highs around 29°C (84°F).

Portuguese is the official language and is used in daily life in Brasilia. While English is spoken within diplomatic and international circles, learning basic Portuguese will greatly ease everyday interactions.

Foreign nationals who plan to stay in Brazil for more than 90 days must obtain a residency visa. Long-stay visas exist for investors who create jobs, students sponsored by a Brazilian institution, and relatives of residents. Applications are made through Brazilian embassies or consulates, and work permits are issued by the Ministry of Labor.

Brasilia is generally safer than Rio de Janeiro or São Paulo. However, violent crime occurs more frequently in nearby satellite cities such as Ceilândia, Paranoá, Santa Maria, and São Sebastião. Petty theft and ‘express’ kidnappings can occur, so avoid displaying valuables, stay in groups after dark, and be cautious in unfamiliar areas.

Travelers should ensure that routine vaccinations (MMR, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, polio, and flu) are up-to-date and consult a travel clinic six weeks before departure. Vaccines for yellow fever, hepatitis A and B, and rabies may be recommended depending on your plans. Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, malaria, Zika, chikungunya, and Oropouche virus exist in Brazil, so use insect repellent, wear protective clothing, and sleep in screened accommodations.